Children learn a second language easier compared to adults. This is true in most cases but not all the time. They learn a second language faster than adults would when they have a reason for learning it. This comes with other factors as well. They are the following.
Brain readiness - Children especially young ones are wired to learn language in the first few years of their lives. They unconsciously acquire the second language naturally when they're exposed to two languages. They have to learn the second language consciously - usually by studying it - when they get older. The same is true for adults. Consequently, language acquisition becomes more difficult.
Lack of complexity - Young children don't need to master the complexity of language. On the other hand, older children and adults need to master complex parts of the language in order to communicate well. This shows that young children have fewer things to learn while older children and adults have a lot to learn. Therefore, the latter get confused in their aim to learn the language.
Absence of self-consciousness. Young children aren't conscious about their language speaking performance and so they're not scared to make mistakes. Moreover, they receive more positive feedback when they're trying to learn a second language. Consequently, they put more effort on speaking the language. Older children and adults fear making mistakes. Because they opt not to verbalize their thoughts using the second language.
Brain readiness - Children especially young ones are wired to learn language in the first few years of their lives. They unconsciously acquire the second language naturally when they're exposed to two languages. They have to learn the second language consciously - usually by studying it - when they get older. The same is true for adults. Consequently, language acquisition becomes more difficult.
Lack of complexity - Young children don't need to master the complexity of language. On the other hand, older children and adults need to master complex parts of the language in order to communicate well. This shows that young children have fewer things to learn while older children and adults have a lot to learn. Therefore, the latter get confused in their aim to learn the language.
Absence of self-consciousness. Young children aren't conscious about their language speaking performance and so they're not scared to make mistakes. Moreover, they receive more positive feedback when they're trying to learn a second language. Consequently, they put more effort on speaking the language. Older children and adults fear making mistakes. Because they opt not to verbalize their thoughts using the second language.